chapter 1: practice exercises The practice exercises on this page are designed to help you understand the concepts in this chapter more fully. These include both interactive exercises and more complex exercises. The columns below offer …
chapter 1: analyzing examples The English language is messy, and many times analyzing for grammatical elements is not always as obvious as the simple examples that we use on the content pages. So to assist …
chapter 1: hanging out Finally, we want to conclude this chapter by expanding on the concept of “analyzing in context.” This means that a key strategy for analyzing our language is to understand “who the …
Chapter 1: dependent clause markers The structure class of dependent clause markers consists of four types: subordinators, relatives, interrogatives, and a special category, THAT. Each type signals a specific dependent clause that we will cover in …
chapter 1: prepositions Prepositions are structure-class words that precede a nominal, which is the object of the preposition. A preposition can be simple or phrasal. Together, the preposition and its object form a phrasal unit …
chapter 1: conjunctions The structure class of conjunctions consists of three types: coordinating conjunctions, correlative conjunctions, and conjunctive adverbs. Each type of conjunction joins together grammatical units in a particular way. Coordinating Conjunctions always join like …
chapter 1: Qualifiers Prototypical qualifiers usually precede adjectives or adverbs in order to decrease or increase the quality signified by the words they precede. For example: Before a big test, it matters if you’re a little …
chapter 1: auxiliaries Auxiliary verbs do not have most of the characteristics of true verbs. Instead, as part of the Main Verb Phrase Formula, auxiliary verbs work with a main verb to enhance and supplement …
chapter 1: Pronouns Pronouns differ from other structure-class words because they can change inflections. See how the different personal pronouns in this passage all refer to the same antecedent: Karen went purse-shopping. She had to have the latest …
chapter 1: determiners Determiners are structure-class words that precede and modify nouns both grammatically and lexically. Sometimes, nouns need determiners and sometimes they don’t: You let the cat out of the bag! (The definite article the is a determiner.) Your …